CAPTAIN ALVAH STONE SKILTON
1836 - 1887
57th O.V.I.
Alvah Stone Skilton was born April 12, 1836, in Ravenna, Ohio, to Elijah Skilton and Elizabeth Wilson. When his mother died six months later, his father placed him in the care of Jonathan and Caroline Thompson. At age 18, Skilton went to work for the Bellefontaine & Indianapolis Railroad, remaining in the railroad's employ as an engineer until the beginning of the Civil War. Following the outbreak of hostilities between the North and the South, Alvah entered the Union Army as captain of Company I of the 57thOhio Volunteer Infantry. Six weeks after leaving Ohio, his right arm was shattered at the Battle of Shiloh. He returned home to recuperate, and was dischared on a surgeon’s certificate of disability. Captain Skilton sought and received reinstatement of his position and rejoined Company I later in 1862. Skilton led his company in battle in the Vicksburg Campaign; at Jackson, Mississippi; Missionary Ridge, Tennessee; Kennesaw Mountain, Georgia; and at Atlanta. During the Battle of Atlanta, Captain Skilton was once again wounded. He was among 83 men of the 57th captured at the Battle of Atlanta. Thus began his eight and one-half month struggle to gain freedom. During his ordeal, Skilton was held in eight prisons in four states. His captivity was broken by a remarkable two months of freedom behind enemy lines trying to reach his Union comrades. Captain Skilton’s flight ended not far from Union lines at the western tip of North Carolina near Ducktown, Tennessee . He was honorably discharged April 13, 1865.
After the war, Alvah Skilton returned to Galion, Ohio, where he once again worked for the Bellefontaine & Indianapolis Railroad. On December 20, 1865, he married Amanda J. Davis, daughter of John Davis, a prominent Monroeville, Ohio, banker and businessman. They were the parents of three children: John Davis, Catherine Amanda, and Mary. After moving to Monroeville, Skilton gained employment as an agent for the Merchant's Union Express Company from October 1866 to April 1868. In April 1867, he was appointed the assistant assessor for Monroeville distilleries, a position which he held until August 1868. He then prospered as a grain and seed dealer in Monroeville . During his post-war years, Alvah Stone Skilton served as a justice of the peace in Huron County, Ohio. He was a charter member of Roby Masonic Lodge No. 534 and the Asa R. Hillyer Post No. 532 of the Grand Army of the Republic. Throughout his life, he assisted veterans and widows in obtaining their military pensions. Captain Skilton died July 27, 1887.
CAPTAIN ALVAH STONE SKILTON DIARY
July 22, 1864 to April 16, 1865
The following portion of Captain Skilton’s diary was digitized by
Thomas W. Waldsmith
Friday, July 22, 1864.
Camp Near Atlanta Ga.
Supposed that the enemy had evacuated his work in our Front orders to be ready to move at a moments warning Marched up to the enemys works on the R.R. Changed them so as to front the other way. 2 P.M. heard heavy fireing on the Left. Very heavy. 4 P.M. Skirmishing commenced in our front prepared to repel a Acharge@. Fireing lasted about fifteen minutes. The enemy got possession of Battery AA@1st Ills. L.A. and formed a line in rear of our Regt. captureing Capt Jno. W. Underwood and myself and a large no. of the men. Sent to Atlanta to the Provost Marshalls office. Registered and marched to East Point arrived about 11 P.M. Found Capt. Jas. Wilson he was Taken to the Skirmish line. Nearly all my company taken with me and a No. of Co. H.. 83 enlisted men in all captured from the 57th O.V.V. I..
Saturday, July 23, 1864.
East Point Ga.
Passed a very disagreeable night had no blankets. Procured one from a man of the 111th Ills. Captured by Chalmers Brigade Cheatams Division Hoods Corps 34th Alabama Regt. Treated very kindly by the members of the 25thRegt. Tenn. C.S.A. Rations issued to us. Very Scant, but the officers said we would get more as soon as we were sent to some permanent camp. Passed a very disagreeable night.
Sunday, July 24, 1864.
East Point Ga.
The prisoners were examined and Registered nothing but public property taken from the [?] Three days rations issued and told to be ready to march in the morning. Expect to be taken to Macon . Capt. Anderson of the 54th Va. in charge of us. 83 enlisted men and 3 commissioned officerS from our Regt. Find that being a prisoner is very disagreeable especially in such a place. The men so thick inside of the guard limits that there is scarcely room to lie down.
Monday, July 25, 1864.
East Point Ga.
Marched at 7 A.M. The officers were put under a seperate Guard. Passed through two Small places. Jonesburough. Camped for the night on a plantation 18 miles from East Point . Have more room to night the enlisted men were seperated from the officers this morning and allowed no communication with them.
Tuesday, July 26, 1864.
Resumed our march at 8 A.M. Expected to go to Griffin but did not. Camped at a creek 11 miles from the town. The officers were allowed to mingle with the men. Expect this will be the last time we will see the men for the officers in charge say we will be sent to Macon and part of the men stay at Griffin for transportation. An officer on M.S. Smiths Staff made his escape.
Wednesday, July 27, 1864
Resumed our march at daylight arrived at Griffin at 10 A.M. Put on board the cars. Sixty in a house car. Left for Macon at 7 P.M. a terrible thunder storm. Arrived at Macon at midnight-marched over to Camp Oglethorpe Saw a number of officers going to Charleston, S.C. Registered and examined every thing in the kind of arms and accouterments taken and all money over $20. in confederate currency taken from me. With the information that it would be furnished me as I required it by giving an order on the Sutler. When Federal currency is deposited two in confederate for one Greenback. Did not get a chance to bid the Boys Good Bye.
Thursday, July 28, 1864.
Camp Oglethorpe Ga.
Took the quarters that was occupied by a Squad that was Sent to Charleston Barrack No. 13 Got a brick oven and plenty of skilletts to cook corn bread in. C.S. Prison commanded by Capt. Jarritt 5th Ga. Price of articles at the Sutlers-Small loaf Bread, $1.25. Onions per dozen $3.00. Eggs .50 [cents]each. Apples per dozen $3.00. Butter $7.50 per pound. Molasses $3.00 per pint. Flour per pint $1.00. Tin cup $6.00. Tin plate $7.00 Spoon $1.50. Peaches per dozen $3.50. Tomatoes $2.50 per quart. Soda per tablespoon-full .50 [cents] Corn meal qt. .50 [cents] Beans per qt $1.00.Rations issued. Nothing but corn meal and Bacon, but will get Salt and Beans.
Friday, July 29, 1864.
Camp Oglethorpe Ga.
Received orders to cook three days rations and be ready to move to night. suppose we are going to Savannah . Ordered out side the Dead Line for the purpose of registering the names Moved out at 11 P.M. Stoped in the Street. Camp Oglethorpe was formerly used as a Fair Ground. Some five acres of ground with two buildings in it. Several Sheds put up without Sides. Enclosed by a Stockade with a picket fence on the inside some twenty feet from the Stockade the fence termed a Dead-Line.A Small Stream running across one corner of it. Several wells in the enclosure. Quite comfortable better than I expected to get, think we wont get as good quarters again.
Saturday, July 30, 1864.
Macon Ga.
Went on board cars at 3 A.M. Slept until 6 Orderd off the train. Sent back to Camp Oglethorpe . Heard considerable cannonadeing. Suppose to be Stonemans Cavalry on a Raid When we came back the Quarter Master had gathered all the cooking utensils. None issued to day.
Sunday July 31, 1864.
Confederate States Military Prison. Camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga.
Heard some cannonading to day. Rations very short. Organized into Squads of 100 each and messed off in 20s. Squad 17, mess 3. Drew rations of corn meal plenty. Bacon Rice and Soap in limited quantity.
Monday, August 1, 1864.
C. S. Military Prison Camp Oglethorpe, Macon Ga.
All quiet to day. Can get no information in regard to the Success of the Raid .Cooking utensils issued at the rate of 3 Skilletts 3 camp Kettles 3 wooden Pails to the hundred men. Not enough makes it very inconvienient.
Tuesday, August 2, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga.
Reported that Genl. Stoneman and Staff have been captured with 400 men. A portion of them brought in to night.
Wednesday, August 3, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga
Several officers of Stonemans command brought in to day.
Thursday, August 4, 1864.
C.S. Military Prision Camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga
Quite a number of officers belonging to McCooks command Came in today, among them Some that I knew.
Friday, August 5, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Oglethorpe Macon Ga
Very dull, nothing to break the monotony of prison life Col Scott 68th Ohio Vol. Inft. came in today he escaped July 27th. 64. A wind Storm passed over camp to night.
Saturday, August 6, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga.
Busy today washing my clothes and mending them. Very warm. Considerable talk in camp about exchange think it is only a camp rumor. Some of the officers wrote letters today do not think it worth while. Price, Sheet of paper .50 [cents]envelop .25 [cents]
Sunday, August 7, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga.
My turn to cook today Capt. Bell is my partner. Rained hard this afternoon.
Monday, August 8, 1864
C.S. Military Prison Camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga.
Received orders to prepare to go to Charleston S.C. Three Hundred officers chosen, my name not called Capt. James Wilsons name called, Col. Scott came around to get volunteers to make up another hundred. Put my name Down. Ordered to be ready by 6 A.M. tomorrow. Small loaf Bread $1.75.
Tuesday, August 9, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga.
Packed up and prepared to leave this morning. At Roll Call the officers were informed that another Roll would be made out for those that were to be Sent away. All General Field & Staff and all of rank of Captain Sent out Side the dead line. Have had no definite information as to when we will Leave Expect to Leave in the morning.
Wednesday, August 10, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga.
Packed everything this morning but the day passed off without leaving. Bought 1 leg of Mutton for Supper, $20.00 Green Corn $3.50 per Dozen ears. Ordered to be ready to leave at 6 A.M. in the morning.
Thursday, August 11, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Camp Oglethorpe Macon Ga.
Went on board the cars at 8 oclock this morning. Had to Change cars at the Oconee river. 58 officers besides the guard in a box-car. Arrived in the night Sometime quite uncomfortable when we come lie down at night.
Friday, August 12, 1864.
Agusta Ga.
Changed cars this morning remained in the town until 10 A.M. Were allowed to go down town with a guard everything Sells at fabulous prices.Reached Branchville at Dusk Charleston about 11 P.M. received permission to get out of the car and lie on the ground. Changed Guards at Agusta a company of Mechanics guarded us through.
Saturday, August 13, 1864.
Charleston S.C.
Marched up through the city to the city work house on Mazyck [?] St, waited in the Street until Some Federal Officers were changed out of it. The building is very Strong, with iron grated windows and Doors. Drew three days rations of Hard Bread and Bacon. Think that we have been benefited by the change. The building is quite cool although the weather is extremely hot. Squad 1, Mess 1, Shall have to depend on a cistern for what water we use to drink there is a well in the yard but the water is very disagreeable.
Sunday, August 14, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Work House Charleston S.C.
Quite unwell to day. Very Sick in the night had the cramp cholic. The officers that were left at Macon arrived to-night, 340.Sutlers Price Loaf Wheat $1.25. Vinegar per pint $4.00. Onions .50 [cents] each Informed that we could write letters and Send them to the Federal Lines by Flag of Truce Boat. Wrote Two.
Monday, August 15, 1864.
C.S. Military Works House Charleston S.C.
Feel some better to day have no appetite. Butter per pound $9.50. Lard per lb. $5.75. Watermelon common Size $7.50. Mush melon $5.00. Heard considerable fireing off the harbor. Some of the Shell burst so close to the prison that could hear the pieces whistle in the air.
Tuesday, August 16, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Work House Charleston S.C.
Fell very unwell this morning reported to the Surgeon. Gave me a Large pill of Blue Mass.heard considerable fireing to day none of the Shells came into the city. Received an issue of fresh beef.
Wednesday, August 17, 1864.
C.S. Military Prison Work House Charleston S.C.
Not as well to day as yesterday think it is the effects of the medicines I have taken. Took a dose of Salts, think I will be better when they work off.
Thursday, August 18, 1864.
Military Prison Work House Charleston S.C.
Felt Some better this morning went down and helped the boys cook. Capt. Moore quite sick has not been down to Roll Call for two or three days. Water in the cistern in the yard given out. Guard at the Gate charge .50 [cents] per pail full for water from the outside. Moved 340 of the prisoners out of the building.
Friday, August 19, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
My health is improving think that I Shall get along without much difficulty wrote to Lt. Root to day asking him to take care of my private baggage and paper. Water very Scarce hope it will rain Soon.
Saturday, August 20, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
Had quite a Treat for breakfast this morning Capt. Bell procured some coffe. Prisoners very Short for water. Several casks of water brought in the water procured from an Artesian Well. Said to be very healthy. Tastes rather brackish. Bought a frying Pan $15.00 worth .50 [cents]at home.
Sunday, August 21, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
Have been here over one week. Do not hear any church bells, or anything to indicate that it is the Sabbath. Rained this morning. Very acceptiable for it fills the cistern. Do not hear much about Exchange. Capt. Wilson is very sick to day has The Ague. My day to cook rather disagreeable and inconvenient with the utensils we have. Wrote to Sister Lucy.
Monday, August 22, 1864
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
Have been a prisoner one month to day wonder where I will be one month from this. Not in prison I hope. Nothing of interest to disturb the monotony of prison life. Time seems to drag heavily.
Tuesday, August 23, 1864
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
Weather cooler than it has been for several days. Genl. Stoneman is making some arrangement to have the yard connected with the prison policed, it is in a very filthy state. Capt. Randolph sent to a cell this morning for not attending Roll Call. busy cooking to day. Time passes off faster than when I have nothing to do, Reading matter very Scarce, wish that we could get books or papers. About 3 P.M. a Shell from the Federal Batteries off the harbor came over the prison. The first one that I have heard.
Wednesday, August 24, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
The Federal Batteries worked all night Seemed to be fireing at the Steeple of St. Michael Church. See a light there think it is a Signal Station for Blockade Runners. Rained this afternoon.
Thursday, August 25, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
The Federal Batteries have been working quite briskly this morning. Several Shell have burst close to the Work House on the corner of Mazyck and Magazine St. The Sun come out beautifully this morning and makes one feel as though prison life could not be endured. My health is improving feel quite well again only that I am quite weak.
Friday, August 26, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
I have been quite unwell all day. Was taken sick in the night. Capt. W. Underwood 57th Regt. Ohio Inft. Sent to hospital this evening.
Miss Nannie Goucher, Findley Hancock Co Ohio
Capt. John W. Underwood
The Capt. Is in very poor health. I am fearful that we will never See him again I have taken a list of his accounts and wishes So that I can inform his friends Should anything happen him. It would be dreadful to die in a prison hospital far away from home and friends with no kind one nigh to leave a last message to the Loved ones at home. I hope that will not be the Capt. Fate.
Saturday, August 27, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
Thought I would have the Ague last night but escaped and hope I will not have it now. Sent my watch out to have it Sold do not expect to get much for it. Rained this evening wind blew very hard tore down the fence between the Work House Yard and the buildings on the right on Mazyck St. Drew three days rations of bacon.
Sunday, August 28, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
The Federal batteries have worke[d] quite brisk this morning Several Shells burst near the prison. I feel very well to day hope I will not be taken down again. Wrote to Frank. Sutlers Sells milk at $1.25 per pint Sugar $8.00 per lbs. Nutmeg .75 cents] each.
Monday, August 29, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
This morning papers contain Some thing rather encouraging in regard to exchange an account of propositions Said to have been made by the confederate authorities to the Federal Government offering to exchange Rank for Rank and man for man. To day the Chicago convention meets. Who, is the man? A Large fire occurred in the city to day. Very little fireing from our Batteries to day.
Tuesday, August 30,1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
C.S. Harrison made a proposition to have a meeting of the officers to get a vote as to whether it would be consistent to ask the confederate authorities to allow a commission to go to Washington to negotiate for an exchange. They met in the yard in the evening had quite a Spirited discussion on the Subject. Maj. White and others opposing Genl. Stoneman & Col. Darr, & Col. Harrison Supporting it. A vote taken resulting in favor of Sending the application.
Wednesday, August 31, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
To day is Muster Day. Should like to be with my Company, wonder how many will answer to their names. Hope that Gordon is with the boys. The Federal Batteries have been working briskly this morning think they have more guns in position than they have had for several days past. The Shells Sound louder when they explode. I Hope I will not see another Muster Day in a Rebel Prison.
Thursday, September 1, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
Last night was very cold for this time of the year but to day is warm. Think it will be healthier here this month than last, if we escape this month do not think we will have the yellow Fever.
Friday, September 2, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
This morning papers contain an account of the arrival at Hilton Head of Six hundred confederate officers. hope they have been brought there for the purpose of exchangeing them. The Surgeons are ordered to be ready to leave in the morning. They are to be liberated being non combattants.
Saturday. Sept. 3, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
The Surgeons were turned over to our authorities Some officers that went down with them came back. Madam Rumor Says that we are to be moved to Augusta or Macon, if So our chances for exchange this fall are rather poor. The Flag of Truce Boat brought a mail for the prisoners nothing for me but I am not disappointed for I did not expect any. This morning the news comes that Maj. Genl. Geo. B. McClellan is nominated for President of the U.S. and Pendleton of Ohio for Vice-President by the Democratic convention in Chicago Ills. Lt. Roots time is out to day, I hope, he will go home and take my things with him.
Sunday, Sept. 4, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
I understand that Maj. Genl. Stoneman and Staff and one hundred officers are to be Sent to Augusta Ga. to morrow I do not know whether all the officers go or only the Raiders I had rather stay here than go to Augusta for I think we will get better treatment here than in any prison in the Confederacy. There is a rumor in the prison that Atlanta is fallen. Hope it is true.
Monday, Sept. 5, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
This morning paper confirmed the news, that Atlanta was ours hope that Sherman will Succeed in demoralizing Hoods army. The prisoners that were confined in the jail yard came back to this prison. Makes it very uncomfortable with So many in here.
Tuesday, Sept. 6, 1864
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
This morning papers contain the intelligence that Jno. Morgan was killed in an engagement in Tenn. Well his raiding in this world is ended. Still I cannot Say that I rejoice for death is to Solemn a Subject to rejoice over even in the death of an enemy. Several Sisters of Charity were in the prison to day. It has been quite cool to day I shall need some heavier clothing than I have if this weather lasts, but will I get it?
Wednesday, Sept. 7, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
The weather continues quite cool I wish that I could get a woolen blanket. Six hundred Confederate officers have been placed underfire on Morris Island . I expect it will make some difference with us, do not know whether we will be moved or not, but expect we will.
Thursday, Sept. 8, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
I got up early this morning went down below Said that Some one had broken open the Sutlers room and taken all his Stoves. I think it is disgraceful for officers of the United States Army to be engaged in anything of the kind. The building was searched after Roll-Call most of the goods were recovered but I do not think the guilty parties were identified. Whoever they are they Should be cashiered and dismissed the Service.
Friday, Sept. 9, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
By some means I have made a mistake and put down the events of to day on yesterdays page. I do not feel very well to day have Ague Symptons. Our rations are getting very Short think that we are getting better than we were when we first came here. I do not know why Capt. Underwood does not let us hear from him.
Saturday, Sept. 10, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
Several hundred enlisted men came up to day were put in the Jail yard. We have been here 4, four weeks to day although time Seems to pass slowly it does not appear like a month Since we came here.
Sunday, Sept. 11, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
I went over to the west Side of the building and looked into the jail yard to See if I could see any of my men did not See any of them. Most of the men are in a horrible condition many of them have not clothing enough to cover their nakedness. Wrote home for Some clothing and money for fear that I Shall have to Stay all winter. We had two Sermons to day one in the forenoon and one in the evening.
Monday, Sept. 12, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
The weather is very cool in the morning and evening. Had to get up last night on account of the Bed Bugs, Went down stairs and Staid until daylight. The building is alive with Bed Bugs I never saw anything like it.
Tuesday, Sept. 13, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
To day it is cool but beautiful weather. I think that this weather is calculated to make Sickness the nights are so cold. I nearly froze last night went to work and built a bunk near one of the windows found the Sash that it belonged in the window cleaned the glass put it up think it will be more comfortable.
Wednesday, Sept. 14, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
No news of importance to day. Some rumors of an exchange to be made between Genls. Hood and Sherman do not think it will effect us any. The rebel papers are urging the policy of paroleing our enlisted men and retaining the officers. I wish they would do it on account of our poor boys that were confined at Andersonville, Ga.
Thursday, Sept. 15, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
I procured a bottle of ink this morning paid $2.00 for it it is much better than what I have been using but of very inferior quality compared with the ink we get at home. We get the official corespondence between Genl. Sherman and Hood do not think an exchange will be made. A prayer meeting was held in the yard this evening.
Friday, Sept. 16, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
I wrote 3 letters to day Sent for money and clothing, & Several of the officers received letters this evening. There has been some Shelling to day but not as much as usual. Some of the officers have received Boxes from home containing clothing, &c, I hope that mine will be here soon.
Saturday, Sept. 17, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
A fire broke out near the prison about noon Spread rapidly Several building were consumed. The Federal Batteries opened up with Shell and Set Several houses on fire with Greek Fire I Should Say. The firemen did not attempt to put it out with water when it could. Strike the Roof out cut the part saturated with [?] and threw it down. The fire burnt close up to the prison. Five weeks since we came to Charleston .
Sunday, Sept. 18, 1864.
Military Prison Charleston S.C.
Another fire broke out this morning. It does not seem to Save the city very much bringing the Yankee Officers here. I saw several fire companys yesterday. They will not compare with our home companies. Mostly Negroes and they work as only a negroe does. I could not Sleep last night for the noise made by the negroes working their engines on the ruins made yesterday. Several pieces of Shell fell in the Street in front of the Work House yesterday but none hit the building.
Monday, Sept. 19, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
This mornings paper contains an account of an exchange of two thousand prisoners of war belonging to Genl. Shermans army. I do not think it will effect me for I presume Genl. Hood has enough confined at Macon . Rained last night this morning it is cool and pleasant.
Tuesday, Sept. 20, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
Everything quiet this morning the prison appears to be destitute of rumors even. Wrote a letter to day I find it is very awkward business this writing letters to the dear ones at home that have to be limited to a certain Space, and must pass the critical examination of a Set of office clerks in the Confederate Service. But I hope the day will Spedialy come when that part of it will not be necessary.
Wednesday, Sept. 21. 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
The officer of the guard made considerable fuss about the loss of a musket taken from one of the guard while asleep. Threatened us with close confinement unless the gun was produced. Rather of a Strange manner of doing business holding prisoners responsible for the arms of their guard. Received 10 ten day rations. Very Short not quite half as much as we received the first ten day we were in this prison.
Thursday, Sept. 22, 1864.
Work House Prison, Charleston S.C.
Two months ago this morning I was free and under the protecting folds of the Stars and Stripes but before the sun set on the bloody field of Atlanta I was a Prisoner of War. Catter received a letter from home the first that any of our party has received. I wrote to Lieut. Ed. A. Gordon.
Friday, Sept. 23, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
Rumor says that 80 officers belonging to Shermans army are to be selected out of the prisoners here to be exchanged. The List made up this afternoon not a man from our Div. To go considerable dissatisfaction as to the manner in which they were Selected principaly all cavalry officers sent.
Saturday, Sept. 24, 1864
Work House Prison, Charleston S.C.
This morning the List of officers was called that was to be exchanged. I was not disappointed that my name was not called. Lieut. Crutters is one of the luckey ones-the rebel officers say that another List is being prepared perhaps I may stand a chance in that. I gave Crutter my keys and all the instructions I wanted to send to Lieuts. Root and Gordon.
Sunday, Sept. 25, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
It seems as though I am doomed to be disappointed in every thing. Last night another List of Shemans officers was called but my name was not among them. Capts. Moore and Bell were among the fortunate ones. They left me their blankets and Surplus clothing cooking utensils & c. Capt. Wilson and myself are well fixed if we have to Stay in prison next winter. A very large mail was received this morning but no letter for me. The exchanged officers left about 7 A.M. I found a new mess to day Robt. Wilson Lt. Bassett.
Monday, Sept. 26, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
It is very lonesome this morning now that the boys are gone but I would not have them return if I could. Capts. Dewsenberry and Carlin moved into our room and we will be very pleasantly situated.
Tuesday, Sept. 27, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
Genl. Stoneman and the remainder of his Staff Left this morning for Macon, they will be exchanged I expect. A Shot Struck very close to the Work House this evening and Several pieces struck the roof, one piece fell in the yard this morning. A Federal officer died in the hospital with the yellow fever he belonged to the Capt. Heave 2nd Iowa .
Wednesday, Sept. 28, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
The officer of the guard brings the information that there is several new cases of the yellow fever in the city this morning he seemed to be considerably alarmed about it. Our rations are very Short this time would not have held out if some of the mess had not gone away.
Thursday, Sept. 29, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
To day a man came in the prison and let the officers have money for an order on any Pay Master in the U.S. Service. He gave (2) two in Confederate currency for 1, one Greenback taking the power of an attorney. Several of the officers went in I did not take any for I expect money by the first mail. A List of Naval officers made up and all of them paroled for exchange.
Friday, Sept. 30,1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
The Naval officers left this morning a few army officers went along to fill up the quota of the number in the hands of the Federal Government. We should receive a mail to day. I certainly will get a Letter. To day our Quarterly Returns are due, but, who will make them. I would give almost anything to know if Gordon and Root are Safe.
Saturday, October 1, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
Another month commenced I wonder if I shall have to Stay all this month behind the bars of a Southern prison. Capt. Amadon died of the yellow fever to day he was only sick three or four days he belonged to the 34th Mass. There is strong talk of moving us to Columbia S.C. I think it would be an excellent change with one exception we wont have mail from there.
Sunday, October 2, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
This morning it is very warm I think the weather is not very healthy. I wrote to Sister Lucey. I hope I will get a letter by the next mail have not received one since I have been a prisoner.
Monday, October 3, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
There was a large mail distributed in Prison to day nothing for me. Do not think that we will be moved from here this winter for the authourities are repairing the drains and leveling up the yard.
Tuesday, October 4, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
Some talk of the yellow fever being in the city and among the Fed. officers. The Comdant of the prison said to be down with it. 9 P.M. ordered to leave 1 days cooked rations prepared and be ready to move at 4 P.M. tomorrow so Suppose we are going to Columbia .
Wednesday, October 5, 1864.
Work House Prison Charleston S.C.
Left the Work House before Sun rise took nearly two miles around to avoid our Shelling or to prevent our authorities on Morris Island seeing us. Went on board the cars, was very closely guarded at night, were not allowed to leave the cars the doors were closed. Passed a very disagreeable night. Forty officers with all their baggage beside the guard in each car.
Thursday, October 6, 1864.
Columbia, S.C.
Arrived here at 1 A.M. but were not allowed to get out of the cars until about 8 oclock went off and remained in a Small Space near the depot until nearly night moved into a vacant lot to remain all night. Rained very hard. The officers who took charge of us here was very Severe. Nearly one hundred of our officers have escaped since we left Charleston but a good many have been recaptured.
Friday, October 7, 1864.
Columbia S.C.
We drew one cracker per man this morning. Marched out to a Camp about 4 miles North-West of Columbia it is pleasantly Situated in a pine grove but no tents or shelter.
Saturday, October 8, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
Very cold last night but fortunately we are prety well provided with blankets. Received a box that was sent to Jno. F. Cutter, containing one (1) wool Blanket, one (1) Knit Shirt, Two (2) Knit Drawers. Two (2) Tin Cups. Four (4) Tin Pots. Three (3) Iron Spoons. I think that the box had been robbed. We have been re-organized belong to Squad, 7, Mess 1. Several large boxes of Sanitary goods were issued to our officers. I received a pocket handkerchief and a towel.
Sunday, October 9, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
To day it is cold and winterish. I do not think that it is colder in Ohio . We are not allowed free access to water only 12 can go to the brook at a time. It seems as though the Confederate officers in charge of us did not know how to care for so many persons. We can realize now Something of what our enlisted men must have Suffered at Andersonville .
Monday, October 10, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
Last night there was a white Frost I nearly froze last night. I understand that several officers have escaped since we came here.
Tuesday, October 11, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
Quite a number of officers that made their escape while on the road from Charleston were brought in to day. They tell the same Story- betrayed by a Negroe.
Wednesday, October 12, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
To day the weather has moderated and it is quite comfortable and we are well enough off as long as it dont storm. Capt. Gear came in to day has been out over a week.
Thursday, October 13, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
I waked up early this morning and found the beds of Six officers near me were vacant. Capt. Gear was one of them. It rained some last night but not enough to do any harm. The days are warm but the nights are cold. An officer of the 19th Penn. Cavly died in hospital with the yellow Fever.
Friday, October 14, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
The weather Still continues fair but I think it will Storm soon. Capt. Wilson and myself made a Shelter out of a Rubber Blanket. Lieut. Spafford of the 21st Ohio died of the Yellow Fever to day.
Saturday, October 15, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
Some two or three officers have died of the Yellow Fever to day. It did not rain last night. We have no news of any importance. A few tents were issued to us to day. 1 to a hundred men. The chiefs of Squad took them. Lt. Schaffer was brought in to day.
Sunday, October 16, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
Very pleasant to day how I Should enjoy this weather if I was with my Regt. From all accounts our boys must be busy in Georgia . The Rebs expect to crush Shermans army but I have every confidence in Sherman to take care of his army.
Monday, October 17, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
An election was held by the Federal officers for President and Vice-President resulted as follows. Lincoln 1043- McClelland 123- 210 did not vote.
Tuesday, October 18, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
We have been very busy to day built a Shanty out of our Rubber Blankets. Capt. Densenberry joined in with us. We Have had considerable trouble to get an axe.
Wednesday, October 19, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
The officers that went away with Shermans officers came back to camp to day. Genl. Sherman would not receive them because they did not come under the provisions of his arrangement with Hood. I might have been with my Regt. Now if they had not taken our place. Quite an alarm was created in camp to night by some officers escapeing. Several Shots were fired.
Thursday, October 20, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
Several officers belonging to Shermans army came this morning that were captured at Ackworth and Big-Shanty Ga. They bring favorable news from Sherman .
Friday, October 21, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
To day it has been very warm but cool this evening.
Saturday, October 22, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
Last night one of our officers was killed by the accidental discharge of a Sentinels gun. I was very cold last night. One of those men that gave the officers money on the power of attorney while we were at Charleston was here to day and Says he will give us more I think I shall get Some. Three months to day Since I was captured.
Sunday, October 23, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
I made out a Power of attorney and expect to get some money tomorrow.
Monday, October 24, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
The Confederate authorities would not allow that man to give us money on a Power of an attorney.
Tuesday, October 25, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
The rebs issued 8 axes to the Camp. 1 for every two Squads. The officers letters have been returned with the information that they must be paid by a Confederate Stamp. It makes but little difference to me however for I have no money to buy paper even.
Wednesday, October 26, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
We have concluded to build a house but I do not know whether we can get an axe or not. It will be hard work to carry poles enough from the woods to build a house as we are not allowed but half an hour to get wood. Rained this afternoon.
Thursday, October 27, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
I Slept very comfortable last night all things considered our Rubber blankets kept us quite dry but the most of the officers were wet through their pine Sheds did not turn rain.
Friday, October 28, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
We went out this morning and cut and brought into Camp nearly enough poles to build a house.
Saturday, October 29, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
The Sun came out bright and warm. We could not get an axe to day.
Sunday, October 30, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
We could have got an axe to day but the rumor is that we were to be moved to Charleston again.
Monday, October 31, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
We built the Log work of our Shanty to day. Capt. Jno. W. Underwood came up from Charleston last night he looks rather poorly but I think he will gain here. A large mail was received to day. I received a letter from Sister Ide the first one I have had Since I have been a prisoner. I received two letters for Cutter.
Tuesday, November 1, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
Yesterday was Muster Day I wonder how many of Co. AI@was there to be mustered. I have sent for Some money and think I will be able to get it through the Confederate lines without passing their hands.
Wednesday, November 2, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
This has been one of the most disagreeable days I ever experienced, it rained last night and has rained Some to day just enough to wet one if out in it. Very cool. We have not done anything more to our house.
Thursday, November 3, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
The weather is Still cold and unfavorable we have hard work to get wood enough to keep comfortable. The Smoke of our camp nearly put my eyes out.
Friday, November 4, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
It cleared off last night and is very cold. I think that I passed as miserable an evening as it ever was my fortune to know.
Saturday, November 5, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
We have arranged our house So we can Stay in it to night we have sewed meal Sacks togather for a covering, built the foundation of a chimney.
Sunday, November 6, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
I was out early this morning Saw ice as thick as window glass thicker than I ever Saw in Louisania. I have heard good news to day. The Confederate authorities had a very strict Roll Call to day they found that 316 of our officers have escaped Since we left Charleston .
Monday, November 7, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
The weather is quite pleasant. I did not get the money that was promised to me.
Tuesday, November 8, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
To day decides whether the people of the North endorse the policy of the present administration or not. I thought when I was captured that I would be exchanged before the election but it Seems as though the Government will not do it. I think I will exchange myself.
Wednesday, November 9, 1864.
Camp Near Columbia S.C.
I have made up my mind to try and escape to night. Have made the necessary preparations baked all the meal I had and procured some Bacon.
Thursday, November 10, 1864.
Camp in a Ravine about 6 miles from the Prison. I am free once more. Succeeded in making my escape without alarming the Guard. I find that it is very disagreeable traveling, have laid up all day have not been interupted. Shall not attempt to travel in the day time. Started Soon after Sun Set found a canoe and crossed the Saludia river.
Friday, November 11, 1864.
Third Night.
I have lain in an old Pine Slashing to day. Have not been disturbed one white man and a boy came near me but did not see me. Found a few Sweet Potatoes-I kept due north until I Struck the French Broad river & then N.W.
Saturday, November 12, 1864.
Fourth Night.
Lay in a cedar thicket in a ravine all day built a fire and parched some corn Started early marched very fast and did not Stop until nearly daylight. Course N.W. found some pumpkins.
Sunday, November 13, 1864.
Fifth Night
Lay in a thicket to day hear the Rail Road Supposeit to be above Fishdale have had nothing to eat did not dare to build a fire Started early found plenty of Sweet Potatoes.
Monday, November 14, 1864.
Sixth Night
I lay in a Small thicket with water near had a fire to day. Came very near being discovered came out a house before I saw two men were standing outside Found a Potatoe Patch near Some ancient ruins.
Tuesday, November 15, 1864.
Seventh Night.
I came very near being discovered had to move Slept in a water course in a Pine grove-had nothing to eat to day could not build a fire. Moved early, found a mill bought corn meal and flour found a Camp where I could build a fire.
Wednesday, November 16, 1864.
Eighth Night.
Marched on the turnpike Some 12 miles and then took to the woods, camped in a Black Haws thicket found Persimons, procured a turkey & Some bacon. Baked my meal and flour.
Thursday, November 17, 1864.
Ninth Night.
Have lain in a Black Hawe thicket could not build a fire Was not disturbed to day So dark that I had to wait for the moon to rise.
Friday, November 18, 1864.
Tenth Night
Lay in a Pine thicket near an open field. Started at dusk but could not make much Speed waited for the moon to rise.
Saturday, November 19, 1864.
Eleventh Night.
Lay in a thicket by a Spring. Rained all day could have no fire after daylight. Had turnips and parched corn. Did not Start until about 12 oclock came out on the road and concluded to march on it found a Mile Stone, 4 miles to L.C.H.
Sunday, November 20, 1864.
Twelfth Night
Lay in a Pine grove 1 1/2 miles from Laurens Court House. Very dark concluded to lay over Rained-on a farm belonging to a man named Watts .
Monday, November 21, 1864.
Thirteenth Night.
Took the Greenville road marched 10 miles road very mudy and bad.
Tuesday, November 22, 1864.
Fourteenth Night.
Lay in a cedar grove built a fire out of oak bark. Very cold I do not see how those that took no blankets get along. Four months to day Since I was captured-fell in with Lieut. Fish 3d O.V.I. Was halted on the road to night but had passed the house So I paid no attention to it.
Wednesday, November 23, 1864.
Fifteenth Night.
We concluded to Seperate and make our way by daylight as there is no moon to light us. We went about four miles and camped for the night in a briar patch.
Thursday, November 24, 1864.
We got aup at daylight went about a mile Stoped a cooked breakfast went on a few miles found we had crossed the Greenville Road in the night Went back to it went to within 4 miles of Greenville turned into the woods in a Ravine and Camped for the Night-Met a Man by the name of Henderson.(James Francis)
Friday, November 25, 1864.
Started early this morning had nothing to eat. Marched about 7 miles and laid up 2 miles from Greenville-procurred meal enough for supper and about 1 Jack of Sweet Potatoes gathered leaves together and Slept quite comfortable.
John Henry-
Pauldo-
Sancho-
Louis.
John.
Saturday, November 26, 1864.
Concluded to stay over to day and forage. Killed a Sheep and procured Some biscuit and corn-bread. Camped near a Flat Rock. Smith 3 miles South east of Greenville S.C.
Sunday, November 27, 1864.
Camped on Turkey Run.
Started later had several very narrow escapes, think a white woman saw me-gathered some corn-caught two turkeys made a good supper-Slept comfortable.
Monday, November 28, 1864.
Camp Jack
Slept in a fodder house fared better than I have since I have been out had a chicken-pork biscuit corn bread & wine-filled my Sack with meal. Near Jenkins-5 miles from Greenville, Heard from Lt. Young and his party-all right. Jack.
Henry-
Sophronia.
Tuesday, November 29, 1864.
Camp Dismal .
Started before daylight made a good days march felt quite unwell. Came out on the Saludia river could not cross. Kept up it.
Wednesday, Nov. 30, 1864.
Camp Still .
Have not marched far to day felt unwell. Started late-came very near being Recaptured. White man saw me but I escaped feel better to night. To day Monthly Reports are due hope that when another is due I will be there to make it myself.
Thursday, December 1, 1864.
Camp Aurthur .
Started at day break-crossed the North branch of the Saludia river at Sunrise waded it on the Shoals, crossed the South branch at the Fish Trap Shoals. Stoped for the day procured Some meal meat & Sweet Potatoes. Stoped on the plantation of Mrs. Elizabeth Hunt.
Daniel, Tom
Tom Arthur-alias
Coots. free.
Friday, December 2, 1864.
Camp Near the Fish Trap Shoals
Laid over to day think I will get provisions enough to carry me over the first range of Mountains.
Saturday, December 3, 1864.
Camp Jack Robinson .
Received a good Supper and Some provisions and information with the promise of a quick over the first mountain. We followed the Oohlinor river up to James Keiths or Pumpkin Town-Told to avoid Keith for he is a Strong Reb
Wm. Arthur.
Sunday, December 4, 1864.
Started at day light crosed Table mountain. Saw a white man. Camped near the Table Rock mountains. We were fortunate enough to get a guide over the mountain.
Lt. Henry came up with us to day but left us at noon.
Monday, December 5, 1864.
Camp Near a Tan Trough
Have some prospect of getting a guide concluded to wait until tomorrow-Saw Some of the Bung Town Rangers. Have fared very well. Saw a man by the name of Hendricks looking for Deserters-he belongs to the Detail.
Tuesday, December 6, 1864.
Camp Table Rock.
Moved our camp up under the Table Rock and concluded to Stay over and watch the Rangers and See which Side of the mountain they went-built a Bark House between two rocks and had a good fire. Rained. Hendricks Shot one of his toes off yesterday.
Wednesday, December 7, 1864.
This morning we Started over the mountains could not get a guide. Took the Slicking Gap road. It is very risky but it is our only chance to get across the mountain. Met a white woman on horseback near the State Line-Went down the mountain to East Fork followed that down. Heard that Thomas Leigon was in our front will Stop over until we get definite information of their whereabouts.
Thursday, December 8, 1864.
Have not marched to day-
I think we will have to Stay in the vicinity of the Slicken Gap for a day or two. I am well Satisfied to Stay-for I think we are in very close quarters. It is rumored that a Company of one hundred men are coming into this Section to Guard.
Friday, December 9, 1864.
Point Lookout.
It commenced raining this morning and Some Sleet with it towards noon it turned into Snow. Tonight the ground is white with Snow. We will have to lay up until it melts. Had a Good time this evening-I think that the officers in the Columbia prison must Suffer Such weather as to day wish they were all as well off as I am.
Saturday, December 10, 1864.
Point Lookout.
The Snow is Still on the ground with a crust that will almost bear-I find it very disagreeable to do without fire but I think I can stand it rather than be Re-captured. One month this morning Since I escaped from the Columbia prison. I thought I would be inside the Federal lines by this time but Still I am Satisfied.
Sunday, December 11, 1864.
Point Lookout.
The Snow Still Stays on the ground. We cannot move out for fear of making sign. Have laid under the blankets all day, built a fire at night.
Monday, December 12, 1864.
Point Lookout.
The Sun Shone out to day but not enough to do any good towards melting the Snow.
Tuesday, December 13, 1864.
Point Lookout.
The Snow has gone off in many places So I think we can move in tonight. Started Soon after dark crossed the French Broad .
Wednesday, Dec. 14, 1864.
Camp Broad .
Found a very comfortable camp in a remote place.I am afraid that we will have to Stay in the mountains until Spring.
Thursday, December 15, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
We moved our camp to day and went to work to build a Shanty, cut forks and poles thought we could get bark to cover it but think we will make boards.
Friday, December 16, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
We cut down a chestnut tree made Shingle enough to cover our Shanty-The weather is rather warmer to day the Snow is nearly all gone.
Saturday, December 17, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
Gathered Stone and built a fire place. John H. Filler Maj. 55 th Penna. Vol. Bedford Penn. C.C. White Capt. 3d Va. Cav. Baltimore Md. came to us to night Staid all night with us.
Sunday, December 18, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
To day we finished our chimney. Had company Think that we will not remain here long.
Monday, December 19, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
Split out Some puncheon for the Sides of our Shanty. Took Supper with Some of our friends. Very Late when we got back.
Tuesday, December 20, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
I went over the mountains after provisions. Commenced raining toward evening froze as it fell-Staid all night.
Wednesday, December 21, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
The river had raised So that I could not cross until evening did not get to camp until dark. Some Snow fell to day but not enough to make a trail.
Thursday, December 22, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
The Snow has not melted off yet but the weather is some warmer. Procured Some confederate money. $70.00. Five months ago to day I was captured. Received an order for 2 bushels of corn.
Friday, December, 23, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow. N.C.
To day has been the coldest I have experienced this winter. Procured two bushels of corn meal. I hope I will not Stay here long enough to use it.
Saturday, December 24, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow. N.C.
Tomorrow is Christmas-the time Seems to pass very rapidly here in the mountains I had hoped to spend the holidays with my friends in Ohio but think I will Stay here oh well this is much better than being in prison.
Sunday, December 25, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
Christmas. I Started at daylight to try and overtake a party that had made up to go through the Lines to Knoxville had Some ten miles to go-found that they had left the night before came back to night it was pitch-dark when I was two miles from camp, have traveled over twenty miles to day. Rained all the afternoon.
Monday, December 26, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
I Started to day to try and get a guide, have come about ten miles to day-Slept in a house to night.
Tuesday, December 27, 1864.
Camp English .
I have traveled over the mountains all day but did not find my man until dark. Maj. English of the 14th Ky Cav. Lieut. Wasson-40th Ohio Inft. Lieut Paul 122d Ohio Inft. Met me this evening. Passed a very disagreeable night. Rained.
Wednesday, December 28, 1864.
Camp English .
I think I have made a good day of it-have procured a guide. I expected to go back to Camp Bear Wallow but it was late before I finished my business-Snowed this afternoon but cleared up at Sunset.
Thursday, December 29, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
I left camp English this morning about daylight, procured two hams of venison on the way. Reached camp about two oclock-found the boys all right and well pleased with the arrangements I had made.
Friday, December 30, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
I have Staid in camp all day Sent my clothes to be washed, find it very dull with nothing to do, but gather fire wood.
Saturday, December 31, 1864.
Camp Bear Wallow.
The Last day of 1864. The past year has been an eventful one for me, I have passed through a great many dangers, and adventures that are rather romantic.We are making arrangements to leave Soon part of our party have arms and there is a fair prospect of getting more.
Sunday, January 1st, 1865.
New Years Day.
I thought I would be inside the Federal Lines to day if nothing happens, I will be there in two weeks. I Should like to have another memorandum book but this will do until I can get one. We were expecting company to day but nobody come. I wonder what the folks at home are doing to day are they thinking of me.
Monday, January 2d. 1865.
I took an Enfield Rifled Musket to get the barrel Straightened I think it will be as good as ever, the weather is quite pleasant I wish that we was on the road to Knoxville for I fear that we will have bad weather Soon. I came back to Camp Bear Wallow to-night.
Tuesday, January 3d. 1865.
Camp Bear Wallow N.C.
I have been in camp all day. Cut wood enough to last us wile we Stay in this camp unless Something happens more than I expect.
Wednesday, January 4th, 1865.
Camp Hermitage N.C.
I am in camp alone to day the boys have gone out have a deer hunt and drive I find it very lonesome here by myself. To day the Sun is Shining beautifuly. I wish we were on our way to the happy land of cannon. The boys were not successful in their drive I came very near Shooting myself a rifle discharge in my hand accidently.
Thursday, January 5th. 1865.
Camp Hermitage .
I am alone again to day. The time drags heavily on my hands as the time draws nigh for the last effort for freedom. Oh I hope we will Suceed-I did not Stay at the Hermitage to night. I Slept in a house for the first time but it was a deserted one.
Friday, January 6th. 1865.
Camp Hermitage .
I came back to camp this morning. Rainy and disagreeable a Steady dropping all day. Our friends are trying to dissuade us from going So Soon they Say that it is almost impossible to get through-I Shall go tomorrow to meet Some gentlemen (Federal officers) and if they are determined to try it I Shall go with them. The man that was to guide us came to our Camp late to night to See us he says it is not prudent to try it now.
Saturday, January 7th. 1865.
Camp Hermitage .
I have expected to meet Some of our officers to day but I learn that they have gone. We hear various rumors about guards &c. but think that they do not amount to much.
Sunday, January 8th. 1865.
Camp Hermitage .
Today I expected to be on my way over the Balsam to the happy land of Canaan but Still I am here and definite news of a guard near here. We will have to move our Camp part of the boys have gone to look for a new Camp. It Seems almost like leaving home to leave this place for I have enjoyed myself first rate Since I have been here.
Monday, January 9th. 1865.
Camp Hermitage
Well here I am alone in our old Camp for the last time the boys have all gone to a new camp. I was mistaken Some of our frineds come down and we have concluded to Stay all night as the Guard has not come up into the Settlement yet-It has rained nearly all day the Streams are very high.
Tuesday, January 10th. 1865.
Camp Hermitage
The man that was to guide came to camp to day and Said he was ready to go and wanted us to Send for the rest of our party but we could not cross the river it Stopped raining about noon and cleared up. I think we will have good weather for our journey.
Wednesday, January 11th. 1865.
Camp Hermitage .
We Sent a man after our boys this morning before daylight but they did not get to me until 3 oclock.Started about Sundown had nine miles to go. Met our party found them very merry and anxious for the trip. There will be 12.
Thursday, January 12th. 1865.
We are off at last, we came about 12 miles to day and Slept in a Shack house.We have passed ourselves off as a detail in Search of murders had a pleasant time this evening. The people of the house we Spent the evening at were very anxious for us to give the Yanks sights if we met up with any think we will.
Friday, January 13th. 1865.
We camped in the woods tonight have made about 16 miles. The weather is cold and Some Sign of Snow-have traveled the trail-ways and mountain tops past the Hog-back mountain and by the head of Cashes-valley. Took the road through Georgetown past Some old mines Suppose from the apparatus in the Streams that they had been used to wash for gold.
Saturday, January 14th. 1865.
It was very cold this morning crossed over the mountain came down Buck Creek to the Sugar-Fork crossed it and went over the mountain to Hayses bridge across the little Tennessee river and Stoped near the Cherokee Turnpike. 23 miles.
Sunday, January 15th. 1865.
Have laid up-all day started at dark crossed the Nantahalia mountain in the night the ground is very rough froze hard.
Monday, January 16th. 1865.
We Crossed the Nantahalia river about daylight took to the mountains laid up for the day. Started at dark and traveled about two hours and laid up my feet So Sore that I can hardly walk.
Tuesday, January 17th. 1865.
We moved this morning back into the mountains built a fire and laid by it all day and until the moon rose went down the Tusquitia to the turnpike road crossed the Hiawashi river at Sandersons bridge.
Wednesday, January 18th. 1865.
We concluded to travel to day but it was very unfortunate for me that we did for I am a prisoner to-night. We were discovered by an old man and his Son just at Sunrise the country was allarmed and all the home Guards detailed men &c. was Sent after us. They lost the trail but drove the woods on horseback and captured Cap. Wilson and myself. They were commanded by J. D. Curtis. Taken to Mr. Popes and kept all night-We were past all guards and within ten miles of Ducktown when captured.
Thursday, January 19th. 1865.
This morning we were taken to Fort Hembree kept until night and taken to Hayesville. We have been treated very kindly by Capt. M. A. Bassett and Lieut. Wm. N. Nelson of the 1st NC. C. It is very hard to be taken back now that we have got So close to our lines but it cant be helped and it is no use to cry for spilt milk.
Dick-Hancock.
Friday, January 20th. 1865.
To-day we have been brought over the mountain to Valley River turned over to Capt. Whittaker of Thos. Legion guarded by Sergt. McGee rained very hard to night kept in an old house that leaked like a Seive and the floor was alive with vermine.
Saturday, January 21st. 1865.
To day we have marched about 20 miles to a post called Cheoce Capt. Cooper commanding the roads very muddy and bad. Sergt. Thos. Johnson had charge of us.
Sunday, January 22d. 1865.
Sergt. Johnson Started with us to day the road muddy and bad. Stopped for the night at a Mr. Morgans a man named Morgan Stillwell made his escape to night. Sergt. Johnson has treated us very kindly he left a young man named Miller at Mr. Christs as he was unable to travel had the consumption will not live a month. Mr. Christ treated the whole party to apple brandy I am informed that he trades through the lines.
Monday, January 23d. 1865.
We Started at daylight this morning Crossed the Tennessee river in a canoe at Stillwells one mile from Larkee Lt. J. Dellart took charge of us took us toQuality town Some 26 miles did not get in until late the road was very muddy and the night dark. I carried a torch about a mile. We came up the Tuckasiege river and crossed it in a canoe.
Tuesday, January 24th. 1865.
This morning we were moved from Qualla town to an old Camp Meeting Ground. Sergt. Hamilton Jones in charge remained at the Camp all day the weather has changed around quite cold but we have managed to keep comfortable.
Wednesday, January 25th. 1865.
Have remained at the Camp ground all day-I wish to see Col. Thomas and try and get a parole and make Some arrangement to get a pair of Shoes.
Thursday, January 26th. 1865.
This morning we were ordered over to Qually-town again our names registered three days rations issued and ordered to Start for Asheville marched about Seven miles and stopped for the night at a mans named Frank Allison, followed the Tuckaseige up all day-Sergt. Deets in charge of Six men to guard four of us.
Friday, January 27th. 1865.
Left the Tuckasiege river this morning came up Scotts Creek on the State Road crossed the mountain and Started down Richland Creek some two miles. Stopped for the night at a vacant house. I have had hard work to get along to day my feet are very Sore and I have been quite Sick besides I vomited nearly all night.
Saturday, January 28th. 1865.
This morning is the coldest I have felt in North Carolina . We traveled down Richland Creek to the Pidgeon river up that Several miles crossed it on horses went over to the head of Hominy Creek down that to Sinathers Mills-We procured some rations and Slept in an old house on the mountain Side. We passed through Waynesville to day.
Sunday, January 29th. 1865.
We did not Start very early this morning. It is only Sixteen miles to Asheville had our flour baked at a Mr. Penlands reached Asheville about dark took to the Provost Marshalls office Sent from there to the county jail confined in a iron cage nine feet by eleven with a Small Stove outside our Penknives and private keys were taken from us and all things composed of Steel or iron.
Monday, January 30th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
I rested tolerable well last night because I was very tired-well here we are Capt. Jas. Wilson, Absolam White & myself in an iron cage confined the same as the worst malefactors instead of Federal officers-I made an application to S.D. Lowe Col. Comdg the Post to be paroled but was informed that he had no quarters to give us as the court House had been burnt.
Tuesday, January 31st. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
We find that our rations are not sufficient for the demands of our appetites we bought four Small loaves of bread at 75 [cents]each Our rations consist of two pieces of corn bread per day and 1/3 lb. Of fresh pork. The bread and meat is fed to us through the grates of our prison the Same as wild beast are fed.
Wednesday, February 1st. 1865.
Asheville Buncombe Co. N.C.
The weather is pleasant outside the Sun Shines beautifully but we are not permitted to enjoy it as we cannot get to the windows to even look out our cage being situated in the middle of the room and about four feet from the wall our ration to day was miserable consisting of miserable black wheat bread indiferently cooked and about the color of wood ashes. The Sergt. Promised to Show it to the commandant of the Post and See if we could not be supplied with better. A lady named Russell Sent us a fine Supper She had bought it for Some of her friends but they were not here and She gave it to us. She is a Tennessee lady.
Thursday, February 2d, 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
Last night a man named Rymer was put in our cage charged with murdering a man named VeHorne. The weather is colder to day than I have felt Since I have been in this prison. A brother mason was in to See us to day he promised to try and get us Some articles of clothing & c. Wrote a communication to Lieut. Gaston to try and effect an exchange of clothing with his Brother who is a prisoner in the north.
Friday, February 3d, 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
The weather has been very cold to day and we have had but little wood and have passed a very disagreeable day. The jailor Mr. Sullivan furnished us with a book to read that helped to pass the time but Still it drags heavily.
Saturday, February 4th 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
I was awakened this morning by the cry that the prisoners were escaping. Since learned that a man named Scroggs had taken a gun from a guard and made his escape. M. A. Bassett visited us to day he informed us that Capt. Duesenbery and Lieut. Welsh had been captured but had got away that four men that was with them had been killed.
Sunday, February 5th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
The Sergt. And cooks that have been here Since we came have been relieved. We did not get anything to eat until about noon and had no fire during the day have Suffered very much from the cold. I rather expected that Some of the masons in the place would call on us but they are either afraid to do so or cannot get the privilags. I suppose that we will loose our Knives and Keys as the Sergts. Took Some money with them that we had Sent out to procure apples and provisions.
Monday, February 6th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
We have no fire this morning and very poor prospect of getting wood I have Suffered more with cold Since I have been in this accursed cage than I have all winter put togather. The jailor generally makes a fire in the morning and that is all we get during the day.
Tuesday, February 7th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
It rained last night freezing as it fell and finally turned to Snowing has Snowed Some during the day. We have had to do without fire most of the day. We get along daytime without fire better than at night.
Wednesday, February 8th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
We have been without wood almost all day and have Suffered considerably. Heard that Kirk had made a raid on Waynesville last Friday I wish he had come a week sooner for he might have relieved us. We received a good Supply of wood tonight think we will be able to keep comfortable.
Thursday, February 9th. 1865.
The people that I have Seen Say that today has been the coldest for Several years. The glass in the windows around our cage has been broken out So we are compelled to Shut the wooden doors around it making it very dark. I Saw a very affecting Sight to day a Mother came to See her Son that is a prisoner in this jail.
Friday, February 10th. 1865.
We have had Several calls this morning I think we have a prospect of getting Some clothing and Shoes. The weather has moderated considerably and it is very pleasant out doors and I hope we will have pleasant weather. My commission aa Captain in the 57th. Regt. Ohio Infantry expires to day. I think that from present appearances that I have done all the fighting in this war that I Shall for I See no hopes of an exchange even if I wished to have my commission renewed-have made another effort to get Paroled we are in a terrible Situation our clothes are very filthy.
Saturday, February 11th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
The Sun Shines brightly to day and it looks warm and cheerful outside. There is a rumor that Sherman has taken Branchville. We have fared very well to day bought a couple dozen apples and a piece of corn bread. Capt. Wilson is quite unwell to day has a very Severe headache-I hope that he is not going to be Sick for I Should be very lonely if he was not with me.
Sunday, February 12th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
Another pleasant day outside. The Sun Shines beautiful but a Strong wind is blowing from the north. We are getting better rations than we did when we first came here. Two pieces of cornbread that will weigh about three fourths of a pound and one hogs foot per day-I would give almost anything to get an opportunity to wash myself and clothing have not had my clothes washed in Six weeks.
Monday, February 13th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
The weather Still continues cold and windy. There was three more men put in our cage today one of them is a Federal prisoner. A. M. Tarelton 60 E 1st Ohio H-A. The others belonged to the Confederate Service Johnson & Boyd. I Saw a private Soldier take a pair of Shoes and a coat from a prisoner after he was brought into the jail. It will be very uncomfortable now with five of us in this Small cage. None of those that were brought in to-day have blankets having been Prowled.
Tuesday, February 14th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
They took Johnson out of the jail last night and I think that they Shot him. We have been out of wood all day have Sufferd very much-commenced Snowing this evening looks as though there will be a heavy Snow I realy hope that we will not have any more Severe weather while we are compelled to Stay in this cage-We have been neglected Shamefuly to day. The buckets in our privys are Seldom emptied making it very disagreeable. St. Valentines day I wish that I could be at home to take part in the Sport of today.
Wednesday, February 15th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
I have been very busy all day mending my clothes I procured Some cloth and Mr. Sullivan loaned me a pair of Shears-The Snow was about 5 inches deep this morning but it has melted away and it is pleasant this evening. We bought Some pies to day $1.00 per pie would not bring .5 [cents]at home in fact Such pies would not Sell for any price.
Thursday, February 16th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
There is a rumor afloat that Genl. Stoneman is expected to make a raid on this place. I hope he will do better than he did when he went to Macon -We made another application for Some privileges but have not heard from it.
Friday, February 17th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
It was rumored last week night that Genl. Sherman had taken Branchville and was operating against Columbia. The weather is very cold to day and the Sun has Shone but little-The newspapers have an account of an arrangement for a general exchange having been effected but I doubt it very much. A gentleman brought us Some apples---Ray.
Saturday, February 18th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
The Sun has Shone brightly all day although rather cool it is pleasant. We have had to do without wood to day. Capt. Wilson was very Sick last night reported to the Doctor this morning and received Some medicine. No news to day from the South. I have taken a Severe cold and have been unwell for two or three days.
Sunday, February 19th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
Another beautiful day outside have Seen Several well dressed ladies on the Street. Suppose they were going to Church. I should like very much to go to Church myself but cannot-The officer of the guard told me that an effort was being made to get us out of here on parole. I presume Capt. Wilson is better to day think he will not very Sick. No wood furnished us to day by the military authorties the jailor furnished us with Some toward evening.
Monday, February 20th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
I Sent my under clothing out to be washed I had worn it almost two months without a change. I do not expect that we will be let out of here on Parole I understand that Some of the men of this place are opposing it very Strongly-My Brotherinlaw was in to See me today Says he will try and get me out on Parole.
Tuesday, February 21st.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
The weather is rather colder to day than yesterday-have not had much fire quite cool as I had (Sent my under clothing out to get it washed.) The rumor is that Sherman has taken Columbia & Charleston .
Wednesday, February 22d 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
Washingtons Birth Day
The weather has been cool to day and cloudy with Some appearance of rain. The Sun has not Shone to day and according to the old Dutch Sign we will have an early Spring. No news.
Thursday, February 23d 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
Rainy and dismal this morning have no wood and are very uncomfortable-did not get any wood for the night. Mr. Tarleton Sent a communication to the Ladies of Asheville in hopes of getting a blanket I dont believe it will do any good.
Friday, February 24th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
The weather Still continues wet and cold very windy-A man came in to See us about De Kalb Whitinger he has been accused of guiding us. My opinion of him is that he could not guide himself home from this place if he had to leave the main road-They Seem to want to accuse every man they capture of piloting Yankees. We have not been able to get a paper do not know what the news are. Rations very Short.
Saturday February 25th 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
It has rained all day cold and windy-heard that a large number of the men belonging to the command Stationed here left last night. Supposed that they have gone to the Yankees-a few prisoners were brought in this afternoon belong to the 2d Ohio H.A. bought half a bushel of apples for $10.00 the best ones I have had Since I have been here. They call them Buffs.
Sunday, February 26th. 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
I think that the Storm is over for the present it was foggy this morning but it has cleared off the Sun came out and it has been very pleasant. My Brother In Law Lt. Harkins was among those that left Friday night I expect that we will be moved from here Soon.
Monday, February 27th 1865.
Asheville Jail Buncombe Co. N.C.
We were ordered down to the Hd. Qrs. This morning and told to prepare to move. Capt. Wilson and myself secured a few articles of clothing and I received of Col. Lowe one pr. of shoes. Marched 18 miles by the way of the Hickory Nut Gap road. Lt. Noblett in charge of the party. Staid at a mans named Smead in Henderson Co. There is 15 Federal prisoners and 12 Confederate.
Tuesday February 28th. 1865.
Resumed our march at Sun rise marched about 24 miles. Staid at a School house in Munford Cove-marched late Some of the party did not get in until 3 oclock in the morning. A young man named Harkins made his escape tonight. My feet are very Sore and I have been in prison So long that I can hardly walk.
Wednesday March 1st. 1865.
I have not made but 8 miles to day my feet have give out entirely. Staid with a man named Morris he was very rebellious but treated me very kindly I could not get a horse but the Lieut. Promised to Send back after one. Jas. L. Hannah of Co. I. C. 62d N. C. I. guarding me.
Thursday March 2d 1865.
Started early and have made but 8 miles to day took the wrong road and went Six miles out of our way. Staid with a man named Jarrett. My feet are Some better than yesterday.
Friday March 3d. 1865.
It has rained nearly all day making it very disagreeable. We reached Morganton Burke Co. N. C. about 4 oclock found that our party had come to Salsbury. Taken to the Jail and confined in another iron cage Similar to the one at Asheville found Captain Wilson in it it was occupied by one white man and a Negro. Clark----George. T.S. Burgess. Jailor.
Saturday March 4th.
Morganton Burke Co. N.C.
Today Abraham Lincoln takes his Seat for the Second term as the President of the United States. We expect to be Sent off this afternoon. Came down to Camp Vance-found the rest of our party marched to the end of the Western R.R. and came to Salisbury-put in the Prison where our enlisted men had been kept informed that we would be paroled and Sent off for exchange.
Sunday March 5th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
We drew half a loaf of coarse bread no meat-55 Federal prisoners brought in Some of them belong to the 15th A.C. Two of the to the 54th. Ohio received Some news from my Regt. The Lieut. Of the Guard informed me that exchange had stoped and he did not know when we would be Sent off-I do not think that it has Stoped for good-but believe we will be Sent yet.
Monday March 6th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
I saw two officers from the Federal prison Johnstons Island they complained very much about their treatment while there. We drew a whole loaf of bread and Some rice Soup. The bread is very coarse and not well done.
Tuesday March 7th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
There is Some talk of our moving us but I think it is all rumor. A number of our men was brought in tonight belong to KilPatrick corps and the 14th A.C. two commissioned officer- 4 of our officers that escaped from Columbia S.C. came in about 11 P.M.
Wednesday March 8th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
The weather is cold Some rain and it is very disagreeable. The prospect for a Speedy exchange looks gloomy. Several men brought in that belong to the 14th and 20th A.C.
Thursday March 9th. 1865
Salisbury Prison N.C.
Still rainy and cold but we have Shelter as we are kept in an old cotton factory the machinery having been removed. There is Some talk that we will be moved to another place as the Confederate authorities are going to use the building we are in for machine Shops.
Friday March 10th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
The Sun Shone bright and the prison yard has dried off and it is much pleasanter than it has been Since I have been here. The officers that have been in prison eight months and over Sent a communication to Maj. Gn. Comding the prison making a Statement of their case and asked to be forwarded for exchange Some returned Confederate prisoners came in to See us they tell of very hard treatment in the northern prisons.
Saturday March 11th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
The weather Still continues fair. Several more men from Shermans army in mostly foragers and Straglers. The Confederate officers Say that they expect 1,500 men from Schoffield command to be brought in this evening. We received an answer to our note to Maj. Gn. He could not comply with our request but Say the Com-Genl of Prisoners will be here Soon and that he will lay the matter before him.
Sunday March 12th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
The prison Sergt. Called for a Roll of the officers and men in this place there is Seventeen com- officers. We have received 65 wounded men this evening belong to the 15th Ct. an 27th Mass. Reg. 7 4 officers.
Monday March 13th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
I have been over to the hospitals almost all day assisting the wounded about four of them are dangerously wounded the rest will probably recover. Lt. Col Ismeyers 63d Ills. Inft. 3d Div. 15th A.C. was brought in last night 14 men with him. The weather is clear and beautiful rather cool nights.
427
Tuesday March 14th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
The wind is blowing very hard to day. I think that there is more Strong winds here than we have at home. I have been over and assisted the nurses in the hospital dress the wounded. Francis Philipps Co. A 15th Ct. Vols. Wounded in the right arm very much as I was. The rebel papers acknowledge a defeat at Kinston lately-no new arrivals to day. I think that Genl. Sherman has crossed the Pedee and opened communications with the coast-if so there will be fewer of his men picked up.
Wednesday March 15th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
Cold and rainy to day. I have been not needed at the hospital today. Our Rations very Short have only one half of a Small loaf of bread and a Small amount of Molasses. Several carloads of paroled Confederates passed the prison this afternoon. Madam Rumor says that Kil-Patrick has been defeated.
Thursday March 16th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
It has rained all day the roof of our prison leaks badly and the floor of our room is covered with mud and water. I have moved up Stairs. Six of our commissioned officers that escaped from Charlotte S.C. were brought in this afternoon. Two train loads of paroled Confederates went past the prison this afternoon. Very cold this evening. 28
Friday March 17th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
The Storm has passed over and it is a beautiful day rather cool but excelent weather for our wounded men. I think that Lieut. Bishop of the 15th C.V.I. will not live long perhaps not until morning he is sinking rapidly. He is wounded through the small of the back. Saw two more trains of Paroled Johnies talked with Some that left Camp Morton Ind. The 7th of this month. St. Patricks Day.
Saturday March 18th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
Lieut. Bishop died last night about 9 P.M. Capt. Wilson was with him. Clear and beautiful to day. I went out and buried Lt. Bishop he is buried in the Federal ground South west of the prison in a Single grave West of the trenches wher the enlisted men are buried. Second Tier from the west Seventh grave from the north end. Head Board marked E.W. Bishop Lt. 15th Con. Vol. Died March 17th 1865. The coffin is marked E.W.B. on the lid.
Sunday March 19th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
Some 59 men from Shermans army came in last night principally all foragers from the different corps. We were informed this evening that we would beParoled tomorrow and leave the next day for Greensboro to be exchanged will have to march some Sixty miles-I Shall do that kind of marching with a better grace than any I have done lately-clear & beautiful weather has Some appearance of rain this evening. I hope it will be good weather until we get through.
Monday March 20th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
At last the long looked for day has come- I was Paroled this afternoon and informed that we would be Sent off tomorrow we may get transportation but I am willing to walk-Have not issued any rations to day. Some talk that part of us will be Sent off tomorrow morning at 5 A.M.- Did not finish paroling the enlisted men.
Tuesday March 21st. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
We did not get off this morning and probably will not for two or three days-The rest of the enlisted men were Paroled today-Maj. English, Lts. Paul & Wasson Capt. Smith and Lt. Cassell came in from Greenville, S.C. It has rained almost all day.
Wednesday March 22d. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
The is a rumor in camp that we will leave to day but think it doubtful. 4 P.M. we are ordered to leave immediately went on board train for Greensboro 59, in the car I was in crowded very much a number of the wounded could not get Seats-clear and pleasant. The enlisted men drew two Small loave of bread but even that give out before the officers and wounded men drew.
Thursday March 23d. 1865.
Greensboro North Carolina .
We arrived here about 3 A. M. taken off of the cars have to change cars for Danville. Kept on a common near the depot very cold the wounded are suffering terribly-will not get away until 6 P.M.-Marched out of town about half a mile remained until evening-The train that was to take us is off of the track about ten miles from here-Have been closer guarded on this trip than I have been Since I have been a prisoner which I think is entirely uncalled for. Lieut. Lathan in charge of us.
Friday March 24th. 1865.
Greensboro North Carolina
We have been kept in the open air near the depot with but little fire and no attention except what we could give the wounded-was promised rations but have not received them. Went on board the cars about 8 A. M. reached Danville at 3 1/2 P. M. 48 miles. Took up to the prison and told we would remain all night the quarters are much better than at Salisbury. The wounded are in terrible condition and a nights rest will do them good.
Saturday March 25th. 1865.
Greensboro North Carolina .
We arrived here about 3 A. M. have to change cars took off of the train before daylight. Very cold. Can not get a train until 6 P. M. Marched out about half a mile lay all day marched back in the evening-The train that was to take us has not come in it is off of the track about ten miles from here.
Danville Virginia .
Have drawn rations to day think we will get away this evening. Mistake wrot on the wrong page.
Sunday March 26th. 1865.
Danville Virginia .
Did not get off yesterday and will Stay here today rations very Short a Small loaf of bread no meat or rice.
Monday March 27th. 1865.
Danville Virginia .
We have not drawn anything but rice today - drew bread this evening. I procured Some money of Sergt. Hiram Dunn Co. F 25th Iowa Inft. $10.00. Lieut Latham came in this evening and told us he could not get transportation for us and that we would have to march to Richmond 148 miles and he calculates to make it in eight days. I had much rather march than lay in prison waiting for transportation. The wounded were taken to the hospital this afternoon.
Tuesday March 28th. 1865.
Danville Virginia .
We were up early this morning expecting to march drew two days rations the largest I have ever drawn in the Confederacy-there is a rumor that we will not march-200 of the enlisted men went away this evening they were furnished transportation on the top of a train-The officers and enough men to make to load a train are to leave in the morning.
Wednesday March 29th. 1865.
Danville Virginia .
We went to the depot at Six A. M. Were put on top of box cars on the Mail train-changed cars at a Berksville reached Richmond, Va. at 8 P. M. Sent to the Pemberton buildings but the com. Officers were taken out and put in Libby Prison found about thirty officers. These all of them recent capturers. Have the best quarters I have ever had Since I have been a prisoner plenty of good water. I understand that we have an agent here for the Sanitarry commission that furnishes clothing and other necessary to those that are needy.
Thursday March 30th. 1865.
Libby Prison Richmond Va.
We got through in good time for it commenced raining Soon after we came into the building and has rained all day. I had a cup of coffee for breakfast the first I have drank in eight months-Some of our enlisted men were Sent off to day do not know when we will go. Capt. Stewart Sent us each a blanket they furnished by the U.S. Government-he also Sent Some butter-hams-Sugar-Coffee & c.
Friday March 31st. 1865.
Libby Prison Richmond Va.
It Still continued to rain until about noon when it cleared off-Capt. Stewart was up this to See us he took a list of the clothing the officers needed and Sent it up this afternoon. I received a pair of pants a blouse and a pair of Shoes. They were very acceptable as my clothing was almost worn out-no information of when we are to leave. I learned that Capt. Morrison died at Marrietta Ga. Some time last Summer that Lieut. Ayers was wounded at Atlanta that Lieuts. Francis and Marshall were captured.
Saturday April 1st. 1865.
Libby Prison Richmond Va.
I heard (this morning) of the death of Jas. Arding of my company. It Seems as though the best of my boys must be taken. The old captain Sent a communication to Col. Hatch agent of exchange for the C.S. asking to forward to our lines. Several officers from Shermans army came in to night.
Sunday April 2d. 1865.
This is one of the happiest days I ever knew. We were taken from Libby Prison about 2 P. M. and Sent through our lines-had to march about three miles-Went on board the City of New York. I had the ague this afternoon was quite Sick about 12 we were ordered off of the City of New York, marched down the river went on board the Cossack.
Monday April 3d. 1865.
On board the Steamer Cossack.
We heard at Fortress Monroe that Richmond and Petersburg was in our possession the fleet had their colors Set and I heard Several Salutes fired while we were leaving the post. I had the ague this afternoon and evening have been very Sick.
Tuesday April 4th. 1865.
Anapolis Md. Colleg Green Barracks.
We arrived here about 8 A. M. went ashore and registered our names and applied for a leave of absence for thirty days. Our men received new clothing at camp.-the enlisted men are to be Sent to their respective States to receive their furloughs. I find that the news is confirmed in regard to the fall of Richmond and Petersburgh.
Wednesday April 5th. 1865.
Dunker House Anapolis Md.
I Sent a communication to the Pay Master Genl. U.S.A. asking for a Statement of my Pay account. I procured Some clothing and money from Newman & Brothers-$108.00.
I can hardly realize that I am the Same man come to get Some clean clothing on after a good wash and Shave I went down to camp and the boys did not know me $16.37 charged to my account for Sergt. H. Dunn. Settled up with him.
Thursday April 6th. 1865.
Dunkers Anapolis Md.
Three years ago to day I was wounded at the battle of Shiloh it does not Seem near So long ago. Our enlisted men that belong in the west left here to day.
Friday April 7th. 1865.
Dunkers Anapolis Md.
I have felt quite unwell this afternoon. I fear that I am going to have the Ague again. I expect that we will have to wait here about five days yet before we receive an answer to our applications for leaves of absence. Capt. Berches is very unwell. There is a circus in town but I have not felt well enough to go.
Saturday April 8th. 1865.
Dunkers Anapolis Md.
The boys went out Sailing and left me to amuse myself. I traveled all over the town went to the top of the State house and to every place of amusement. I felt better to day than Since I landed.
Sunday April 9th. 1865.
Dunkers Anapolis Md.
Very pleasant to day. I went to the Catholic Cathedral this fore-noon witnessed High Mass.
Monday April 10th. 1865.
Dunkers Anapolis Md.
We are Still waiting for our papers. My Pay account came to day all right no Stoppages against me. I think I will go out on the bay Sailing if I can get up the right kind of party.
Tuesday April 11th. 1865.
Dunkers Anapolis Md.
Our leaves of absence have not come yet. I am getting very uneasy and want to get away from this place which I think is the dullest I was in.
Wednesday April 12th. 1865
Dunkers Anapolis Md.
Today is my Birth Day twenty nine years old how fast time flies. I Should like to have been at home to day so well but Still I am here and no leave yet. Col. Ismunger received his and a number of others and have got their pay. The citizens had an illumination to night in honor of our recent victory.
Thursday April 13th 1865.
Capt. Wilson received an order mustering him out of the Service I have not heard from my application but expect that I will be in the Same Situation. Capt. could only get three months pay.
Friday April 14th. 1865.
Capt. Wilson left for home on the morning train. Quite a number of leaves came to day but mine has not come. I borrowed $200.00 of Lt. Chas. T. Hull in case anything Should hapen [to] me. I Settled my bill at Mrs. Dunkers and moved over to Mrs. Steers.
Saturday April 15th. 1865.
This morning brings the terrible news of the assasination of the President of the United States -the country is under martial Law. I received my papers came to day. I am mustered out of the Service to date from the 13th. day of April. I received four months pay of Thos. J. Wilson Maj. & Pay Master U.S.A. I cannot leave to day on account of the trains being stopped by an order from the War Dpt. Sent $200.00 to Lt. Charles I. Hull Bone Creek Mich.
Sunday April 16th. 1865.
Anapolis Md.
I went down to the depot this morning to take the train for Washington but could not get off I engaged an attorney to attend to my affair.
May 18th 1866.
North Haven
Mr. Skilton pardon the liberty taken by me to you an entire stranger. Do you ask how your name has found its way and is known to any in this quiet town nestled among New England hills? I answer by an act, perhaps forgotten by you but ever borne in grateful remembrance by the friends of the brother soldier whose grave by your minute description you so kindly aided them in finding at Salsbury N.C. All that came back to me of a loved Husband was a few tokens brought by a faithful comrade among which was the paper writtenby you, telling me of his resting place. Not long did we trust our presious dead to rest on rebel soil but brought him tenderly home to sleep sweetly in our own valley Church yard. You I think must have also been a prisoner at the time my Husband Lieut Bishop died, but I trust that you reached home in safety and that beside your hearth stone there stands no vacant chair, and now with many thanks to you for your disinterested kindness hoping the gathering of dead hopes may not be yours, I am with respect your obliged Friend Mrs. E. M. Bishop, North Haven, Conn.
March 18th. 1865.
Salisbury Prison N.C.
Lt. E.W. Bishop buried South west of C.S. prison in the Federal burying ground on the west Side of the trenches where the enlisted men are buried-a Small road or Space between the trenches and the tiers of graves Second (2d) tier Seventh (7th) grave. Head board marked E. W. Bishop Lieut 15th Com. Vol. Died March 17th 1865. The rough pine coffin marked E. W. B.on the lid.